Retroperitoneal Unicentric Castleman Disease Masquerading as Pancreatic Neoplasm in a 34-Year-Old Indian Female (Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Delhi, 2026)

Key finding

> **Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy was discordant with imaging — indicating a lymphoproliferative neoplasm rather than the imaged differential of PNET / GIST.** Given the discordance, surgical resection was undertaken. Final histopathology confirmed unicentric Castleman disease. No adjuvant therapy was required, and the patient remains disease-free at 2 years of follow-up. The case argues that **complete surgical resection of UCD is associated with near 100% long-term survival**, but only if the lymphoproliferative diagnosis is recognized — the imaging-first algorithm would have triggered oncological staging and possibly chemotherapy for a neoplasm that did not exist.

Framework connections: The Signal Fire (IL-6)

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