Complement Activation in Healthy First-Degree Relatives of South Asian Diabetics

Key finding

SARs had significantly higher levels of alternative complement pathway markers compared to SACs: - **Properdin**: 12.6 vs 10.1 mg/L (p<0.0001) - **Factor B**: 187 vs 165 mg/L (p<0.0001) - **SC5b-9** (complement membrane attack complex): 92.0 vs 75.3 ng/mL (p<0.0001) - **HOMA-IR**: 2.86 vs 2.31 (p=0.007) Critically, **CRP was NOT different** between groups. Even in the subset with NORMAL glucose tolerance, complement markers remained elevated. Properdin and SC5b-9 may represent novel biomarkers for future T2D risk in South Asians.

Framework connections: The Immune Priming, The Sick Fat Cell, The Signal Fire (IL-6)

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